NIST 800-171 Control 3.10.2: Physical Access Monitoring
Physical access monitoring is a critical foundation of NIST 800-171 compliance, protecting both your systems and the facilities housing them. Without visibility into who enters restricted areas and when, organizations cannot effectively prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data. This control requires continuous monitoring and documentation of physical facility access to meet federal compliance standards.
What this means
Control 3.10.2 requires organizations to establish and maintain monitoring of physical access to facilities containing organizational systems and supporting infrastructure. This includes implementing surveillance systems, access logs, visitor management, and security personnel oversight to detect and deter unauthorized entry. The goal is to create a comprehensive physical security posture that works alongside technical controls to protect CUI and sensitive systems from physical tampering or theft.
How to comply
- 1.Install and maintain video surveillance covering entry points, server rooms, and restricted areas with timestamped recordings retained per your retention policy
- 2.Implement electronic access control systems (badge readers, biometric scanners) that log all entries and exits with date, time, and user identification
- 3.Establish a visitor management process requiring sign-in, escort procedures, and documentation of purpose and duration of facility access
- 4.Conduct regular physical security audits and walkthroughs to identify vulnerabilities, unauthorized access points, or monitoring gaps
- 5.Document all monitoring activities, access logs, and security incidents in a centralized system for audit and investigation purposes
- 6.Train employees on physical security policies, visitor protocols, and the importance of restricting access to authorized personnel only
- 7.Review access logs and surveillance footage periodically (monthly minimum) to detect unauthorized access attempts or policy violations
Evidence auditors look for
- Video surveillance system configuration documentation and recording retention policies
- Electronic access control logs showing entry/exit timestamps for all personnel
- Visitor sign-in sheets, escort records, and access badges issued
- Physical security incident reports and investigation records
- Monthly access log review reports documenting findings and corrective actions
- Security awareness training records for staff on physical access policies
- Facility layout diagrams showing monitored areas and access control points
- Maintenance records for surveillance and access control equipment
Frequently asked questions
When will FAQs be available?
The FAQ for this control is currently being prepared.
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